The Mexican criollos S XIX

[Arminfrench]

What is a Criollo?.

Criollos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkɾjoʎos], sing. Criollo, "creole") were a social class in the caste system of the overseas colonies established by Spain in the 16th century, especially in Latin America, comprising the locally born people of pure or mostly Spanish ancestry.[1]

The Criollo class ranked below that of the Iberian Peninsulares, the high-born (yet class of commoners) permanent residence colonists born in Spain. But Criollos were higher status/rank than all other castes — people of mixed descent, Amerindians, and enslaved Africans. According to the casta system, a Criollo could have up to 1/8 (one great-grandparent or equivalent) Amerindian, ancestry and not lose social place (see Limpieza de sangre).[2]

In the 18th- and early 19th centuries, changes in Madrid's policies towards her colonies (and their polyglot of peoples) led to tensions between the Criollos and the Peninsulares.

The growth of indigenous Criollo political and economic strength in their separate colonies coupled with their global geographic distribution, and led them to each evolve a separate (both from each other and Spain) organic national personality and viewpoint. Criollo nationalists were the main supporters of the Spanish American wars of independence.

The term criollo is often translated into English as creole. However, the word "creole" is also applied to many ethnic groups around the world who have no historic connection to Spain or to any colonial system. Indeed, many of those creole peoples were never a distinct social caste, and were never defined by purity of descent.

Some Remarkable mexican Criollos, S XIX


Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.



Agustín de Iturbide.




Gral. Antonio López de Santa Anna.



Gral. Mariano Arista.




Valentín Gómez Farías.



Andrés Quintana Roo.



Capt. Ignacio Allende.



Ignacio Aldama.




To be continue.

[jayz]

tu que piensas que huivera pasado si nuestro rey Agustin de Iturbide no mueriera?
estaba hablando de esto con Pao, se pone brava poque digo que mi rey Agustin de Iturbide era el mejor y que su gente de tamaulipas lo mataron, malditos asesinos, tambien le digo que mexico huvera sido mejor con el

[El R5]

The first president of Mexico.



Guadalupe Victoria (29 September 1786 – 21 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican politician and military officer who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. He was a deputy in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power. He also served as the first president of Mexico.

---------- Post added 2012-06-30 at 20:36 ----------

According to the casta system, a Criollo could have up to 1/8 (one great-grandparent or equivalent) Amerindian, ancestry and not lose social place (see Limpieza de sangre).

Arminfrench, what if the 1/8th was of Black/SSA instead of Native?

[Gungnir]

Gral. Antonio López de Santa Anna.

After getting his ass whipped by Sam Houston he tried to sneak off disguised as a private. Later he had to have a leg amputated and he buried it with military honors which ironically is more than Mexico gave him when he died. Remarkable indeed.

[jayz]

The first president of Mexico.



Guadalupe Victoria (29 September 1786 – 21 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican politician and military officer who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. He was a deputy in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power. He also served as the first president of Mexico.

---------- Post added 2012-06-30 at 20:36 ----------



Arminfrench, what if the 1/8th was of Black/SSA instead of Native?

you have black in you, he will hurt you with what he will respond


your results
Europe 64%
Asia 31%
Africa 5%

you are not different than me after all

[Hoxxx]

@Arminfrench What percentage of Mexicans would you estimate to be 7/8 (87.5%)+ European?

[Arminfrench]

After getting his ass whipped by Sam Houston he tried to sneak off disguised as a private. Later he had to have a leg amputated and he buried it with military honors which ironically is more than Mexico gave him when he died. Remarkable indeed.

He's a controversial charater indeed and things are a lot more complex than that mate.

Santa Anna was a very suffered soldier but he wasnt a very good at military strategy.

Nevertheless he commanded the Mexican Army and actually was very close to defeat the American Army in the battle of buena Vista, known in Mexico as Batalla de la Angostura.

When the victory was closed at hand he was forced to leave the battlefield along with his men to avoid a cup de etat that was about to take place at Mexico City.

I chose him as a "remarkable" character despite he's not considered as so by the Mexican history. He was a man who had his momentos of glory and his moments of disgrace.

Before the war vs USA Santa Anna defeated an spanish expeditionary force that departed to Mexico with the intention of conquer back the Mexican soil. That was know as the Battle of Pueblo viejo at Tampico.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish...uest_of_Mexico



---------- Post added 2012-06-30 at 23:21 ----------

The first president of Mexico.



Guadalupe Victoria (29 September 1786 – 21 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican politician and military officer who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. He was a deputy in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies for Durango and a member of the Supreme Executive Power. He also served as the first president of Mexico.

---------- Post added 2012-06-30 at 20:36 ----------



Arminfrench, what if the 1/8th was of Black/SSA instead of Native?

With black admixture things werent the same because blacks were considered the lowest class in the colonies however characters as Vicente Guerrero were actually given the criollos status despite his black ancestry.




---------- Post added 2012-06-30 at 23:43 ----------

More Mexican Criollos SXIX.

Two more generals of the war vs USA.

Gral. Vicente Filisola.
(This one was actually born in italy but I enlisted as a military of the 1847 war)



Gral José Urrea.




Gral Gabriel Valencia



Gral Pedro de Ampudia.



---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 00:00 ----------

@Arminfrench What percentage of Mexicans would you estimate to be 7/8 (87.5%)+ European?

Currently you mean???.

I donno mate thats hard to say.....I would say 25% maybe.

---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 00:14 ----------

The Cadets of the Military academy were kids ranging from 13 to 21 y.o. who faced the Yankee troops in the war of 1847 were actually Criollos.

Agustín Melgar.



Vicente Suarez.



Fernando Montes de Oca.



Juan Escutia.




Juan de la Barrera.




Francisco Márquez.

[Arminfrench]

Some more Mexican Criollos who were Independence heroes.


Mariano Matamoros.



Hermenegildo Galeana.



Francisco Primo de Verdad.



Ignacio López Rayón.



Doña María Leona Vicario.



Nicolás Bravo.



---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 00:54 ----------

Other famous historic criollo characters.


This is actually her name, no joke.

María Ignacia Javiera Rafaela Agustina Feliciana Rodríguez de Velasco y Osorio Barba Jiménez Bello de Pereyra Hernández de Córdoba Solano Salas Garfias Better known as María Ignacia Rodríguez de Velasco or simply as la Güera Rodríguez





Guillermo Prieto. Writer.



Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi. Writer.



Justo Sierra.



---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 01:11 ----------

Mexican Military Criollos in a Parade. S XIX



---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 01:25 ----------

Officer of the Mexican Dragoons.

[Arminfrench]

Some more.

Carlos María de Bustamante.



Miguel Ramos Arizpe.



Lorenzo de Zavala.



Manuel Cresencio Rejón.



Pedro Maria Anaya.



---------- Post added 2012-07-01 at 10:30 ----------

Mariano Escobedo.

[Ubirajara]

Miguel Domínguez

José Miguel Domínguez Alemán (January 14, 1756, most likely in Mexico City—April 22, 1830, Mexico City) was a New Spanish colonial official in New Spain who played a part in the Mexican independence movement. He was also a member of a transitional governing committee in the period between the abdication of Mexican Emperor Agustín de Iturbide and the installation of Guadalupe Victoria as the first president of independent Mexico. His wife, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, known as La Corregidora, was a heroine of Mexican independence.

Domínguez was a Criollo (a Spaniard born in America), although his parents were from Spain.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Dom%C3%ADnguez